Word of the Day：May 29, 2021

inroad

（尤指通过消耗或削弱其他事物取得的）进展；入侵

noun IN-rohd


Definition

1：an advance or penetration often at the expense of someone or something — usually used in plural

通常以牺牲某人或某物为代价的推进或深入——通常以复数形式使用

2：a sudden hostile incursion：raid

突然的敌对入侵：入侵

Examples

"'These are no longer cars,' said Marc Rogers, the principal security researcher at the cybersecurity firm CloudFlare. 'These are data centers on wheels. Any part of the car that talks to the outside world is a potential inroad for attackers.'" — Nicole Perlroth, The New York Times, 7 June 2017

“‘这些不再是汽车，’网络安全公司 CloudFlare 的首席安全研究员 Marc Rogers 说。‘而是车轮上的数据中心。汽车上任何与外部世界对话的部件都可能成为攻击者的攻击目标。’ ”

"Swatch Group on Thursday reported its first annual loss since the early days of the Swiss watchmaker almost 40 years ago as the COVID-19 pandemic shuttered shops and smartwatches made inroads into the market." — John Revill, Reuters, 28 Jan. 2021

（瑞士手表制造商）斯沃琪集团周四公布，自该公司成立近40年来首次出现年度亏损，原因是新冠肺炎大流行导致商店关门，与智能手表进入市场。

Did You Know?

Inroad is a combination of in and road, both of which are pretty mundane, as far as words go. But the first-and-oldest-meaning of inroad hints at a meaning of road other than the "way for traveling" one. Beginning back in the days of Old English, road referred to an armed hostile incursion made on horseback. (Raid comes from this use of road and also formerly specified incursions on horseback.) Road, as well as inroad, has lost its violent connotation. While inroads are often made at the expense of someone or something, they are at times simply advances, as when an artist is said to be "making inroads into a community."

Inroad 由 in 和 road 的组合，从字面讲，这两者都非常普通。 但是 inroad 的最初的最古老的含义暗示了road「道路的」，而不是“way for travelling「旅行的方式」”的意思。 从古英语时代开始，road 指的是敌方在马背上进行的武装入侵。 （Raid 来自这种对道路的使用，也来自以前指骑马入侵。）Road，以及 inroad，已经失去了其暴力的含义。 虽然 inroad 通常是以牺牲某人或某物为代价，但它们有时只表前进，就像艺术家“making inroads into community「进入社区（ps：有种让艺术走进万家的感觉）」”一样。

Name That Synonym

Fill in the blanks to complete a synonym of inroad meaning "raid": f _ r _ _.