sabotage 英 [ˈsæbətɑːʒ] 美 [ˈsæbətɑːʒ] v. 妨害；蓄意破坏 n. 蓄意毁坏；刻意阻碍

■拆: sabot(木鞋)+age -> 词义据说是18，19世纪机器刚兴起的时候，手工业担心机器会抢走他们的饭碗，将木鞋扔到机器里面 搞破坏 -> 蓄意破坏

考点1: n.妨害，破坏: treacherous action to defeat or hinder a cause or an endeavor; deliberate subversion

■e.g. sabotage of the project by government officials 被政府官员阻止的项目

■同: damage, impairment, subversion, undermining

■反: assistance 支援

考点2: vt.从事破坏活动，阻止: to practice sabotage on

■e.g. He sabotaged his opponent's campaign with rumors.他用谣言来破坏对手的竞选活动。My ex-wife deliberately sabotages my access to the children.我的前妻故意想方设法阻止我和我的孩子们见面。

■同: disrupt, foil, frustrate, obstruct, undermine

■反: assist, support支持；advance, cultivate, forward, foster, further, nurture, promote 促进


inkling 英 [ˈɪŋklɪŋ] 美 [ˈɪŋklɪŋ] n. 暗示；略知；模糊概念 v. 暗示 （inkle的ing形式）；略知；低声说出

考点1: n.轻微暗示，小提示: a slight indication or suggestion

■e.g. They hadn't given us an inkling of what was going to happen. 他们不给我们任何暗示将会发生什么

■同: clue, cue, hint

考点2: n.略知: a slight knowledge or vague notion

■e.g. n.ot have even the faintest inkling of what the project was all about 对这个项目与什么有关毫不知情

■同: glimmer

■反: insight 深刻理解


profane 英 [prəˈfeɪn] 美 [prəˈfeɪn] adj. 亵渎的；世俗的；异教的 vt. 亵渎；玷污

■拆: pro(in front of)+fan(temple)+e -> in front of the temple 指不能进入庙里面的 -> 古罗马时期一般之后神圣(sacred: 神圣的)的人才能进去 -> 所以不能进去的人 指 世俗的 后来宗教色彩逐渐消失 指 亵渎的

考点1: v.亵渎: to treat (something sacred) with abuse, irreverence, or contempt

■e.g. invading troops profaned the altar by playing poker on it 侵略军亵渎了祭坛，竟然在上面打扑克

■同: defile, violate

■派: profaned 被亵渎的

■反: unviolated, inviolable 未被亵渎的，不可亵渎的

考点2: v.滥用: to put to a bad or improper use

■e.g. profaned his considerable acting talents by appearing in some wretched movies 在一些烂俗的电影里面出现简直就是浪费表演才华

■同: abuse, misemploy, misuse, pervert, prostitute


nominal 英 [ˈnɒmɪnl] 美 [ˈnɑːmɪnl] adj. 名义上的；有名无实的；不重要的 [会计] 票面上的 n. [语] 名词性词

■拆: nomin(name)+al(adj后缀) -> 名字的; 名义上的

考点1: adj.不重要的: so small or unimportant as to warrant little or no attention

■e.g. His involvement was nominal. 他的参与不太重要。

■同: inconsequential, inconsiderable, paltry, trifling, trivial

■反: big, consequential, considerable, important, material, significant 重要的

考点2: adj.名义上的: existing or being something in name or form only

■e.g. nominal head of the party 党派的名义首领

■同: formal, paper, titular


circuitous 英 [səˈkjuːɪtəs] 美 [sərˈkjuːɪtəs] adj. 迂曲的；绕行的；迂回线路的

■拆: circuit(环)+ous(adj后缀) -> 迂回的; 绕行的

考点1: adj.不直接的: not being forthright or direct in language or action

■e.g. We took a circuitous route to the airport so as to avoid the massive traffic jam我们走了一条迂回的路线 去机场来躲避堵车。

■同: indirect, circular, roundabout

■反: direct, straight, straightforward直接的

■派: circuity n不直接: lack of straightforwardness

■反: straightforwardness, direction 直接

考点2: adj.冗长的: using or containing more words than necessary to express an idea

■e.g. a circuitous explanation for what seems like a fairly basic concept 对一个非常基本的概念的冗长的解释

■同: circumlocutory, diffuse, long-winded, prolix, rambling, verbose, windy

■反: compact, concise, pithy, succinct, terse 简洁的