excavate 英 [ˈekskəveɪt] 美 [ˈekskəveɪt] vt. 挖掘；开凿 vi. 发掘；细查

考点: v.挖掘，挖空: to dig out and remove

■e.g. excavate soil from one area从某处挖土出来

■反: fill in填满


gullible 英 [ˈɡʌləbl] 美 [ˈɡʌləbl] adj. 易受骗的；轻信的

考点: adj.易受骗的，易被利用的: easily duped or cheated, readily taken advantage of

■e.g. They sell overpriced souvenirs to gullible tourists.他们卖高价纪念品给易上当的旅客们。

■同: dewy-eyed, exploitable, naive, susceptible, unwary, wide-eyed


cozen 英 ['kʌz(ə)n] 美 [ˈkʌzən] vt. 瞒；欺骗 vi. 瞒；欺骗

考点: v.诱骗: to mislead by means of a petty trick or fraud; deceive

■e.g. The salesman cozened the old lady into buying his goods 推销员诱使老太太买下了他的东西

■同: bamboozle, dupe, cheat, deceive, beguile, delude, take in


flounder 英 [ˈflaʊndə(r)] 美 [ˈflaʊndər] v. 不知所措，支吾；困难重重；（在水、泥等中）挣扎，折腾；心乱如麻 n. 鲆，鲽，比目鱼（同 flatfish）；挣扎

考点: vi.笨拙地行动，挣扎: to proceed or act clumsily or ineffectually

■e.g. flounder through the desert 步履蹒跚地穿越沙漠

■同: blunder, fumble, lumber, plod, struggle, trudge

■反: glide，slide 滑行；breeze, waltz 轻松地行动


espouse 英 [ɪˈspaʊz] 美 [ɪˈspaʊz] vt. 支持；嫁娶；赞成；信奉

考点1: vt.支持；拥护: to take up and support as a cause

■e.g. the revolutionary cause支持革命事业

■同: embrace, take on, take up

■反: abjure, repudiate 誓绝

考点2: vt.结婚: to take in marriage; marry