（1）act短语：

act as 担任……职务，起……作用

act for 代理（某人职务），代为（处理某事）

act out 表演（对话、故事等）

act up 捣乱，出毛病


例如：

Mr Black is acting for the old man in his case. (布莱克先生代那个老人处理他的案件。)

The children were acting out the story of the birth of Jesus.

He’s a tough kid and he acts up a lot.


（2）break短语：

break away 摆脱，脱离

break away from … 脱离……，奋力挣脱……

break down 出故障，坏掉，中止，累垮，分解

break in 打断，插话，闯入，强行进入

break into … 闯入……，破门而入

break (sth) off （使某物）折断，中断某事物，突然停止

break out （战争、火灾）突然发生，爆发

break out in tears 突然大哭

break the rule 违反规定

break through 突围，冲跨

break up 分解，分裂，拆散，碎开


（3）bring短语：

bring about 引起，导致，使发生

bring along 把……带来，领来

bring back 拿回来，使恢复

bring sb back 送回某人

bring sth / sb back to life 使……生动/活泼，使……苏醒

（比较：sth / sb come back to life 复苏，苏醒）

bring down 使……降低，减少，使……倒下，使……落下

bring down / up (the price) 降价／提价 [比较：(the price ) go down / up 价格下降 /上涨]

bring in 引进（技术），赚钱，带来（收入），吸收

bring on 发展，引起，导致，使前进

bring out 拿出，出版，生产，揭露，阐明，使表现出

bring to 使苏醒

bring … to use = put …to use 对……加以利用

bring / carry sth to / into effect 实施……（比较：sth come / go into effect 开始实施）

bring up 抚养，培养，哺育


例如：

A huge amount of environmental damage has been brought about by the destruction of the rainforests.

You’re welcome to bring along a friend.

The government hopes these measures will help to bring down inflation (通货膨胀).

American country music brings in more than $10 billion each year.

This new kind of technology was brought in in the early 1980s.

Stress can bring on (=lead to / result in) headaches and other illnesses.

Jenny opened the cupboard and brought out a couple of bottles.

He was brought up by his grandparents.


（4）call短语：

call at (sp) 访问（某地），拜访（某地） [比较：call on (sb) 拜访（某人），访问（某人）]

call back 回电话

call for 提倡，号召，要求，需要，去接某人，接走某人

call / shout for help 呼救

call in 请来，召集，来访，打电话

call off 取消

call on / upon 号召

call out 大声呼喊，叫喊

call sb…for short 简称某人……

call sb names 谩骂某人

call up 给……打电话，使人想起，号召



（6）cut短语：

cut away 切除，剪去

cut down 砍倒，砍下，削减

cut in 插嘴，加塞，插入

cut in line 插队

cut … into pieces / halves 把……切成碎片/切成两半

cut off 切断（线路），中断（供应）

cut out 删除，剪下来

cut the cost of … 降低……的成本

cut up 切碎，剪碎，剁碎，齐根切掉


例如：

He cut away some branches, making it look more beautiful.

A lot of trees there were cut down in the past.

The electricity was cut off because of the storm.

He was sentenced to death and had his head cut off the next day.

Could you cut the pizza up, please?


（7）do短语：

do about 处理，应付

do and don’t 要与不要

do a good deed 做一件好事

do a lot of walking 走很多路

do a test 做实验，做化验

do a word puzzle 猜字谜

do an experiment / experiments 做实验

do away with 废除

do body-building 做健身操

do chores 处理琐事，干家务

do housework 做家务活

do make-up 化妆，打扮

do observations 观察

do one’s best 尽某人最大努力

do one’s homework 做作业

do research on… 从事……研究工作

do sb a favour 帮某人一个忙

do sb honor = do honor to sb 礼遇某人，对某人表示敬意

do sb the favour to do sth 帮某人一个忙做某事

do some reading 读书，阅读，看点书

do some shopping = go shopping 购物，买东西

do sports = have / play sports = take exercise 进行体育运动，做运动，进行锻炼

do sth in turn / by turns = take turns to do sth / in doing sth 轮流做某事

do telephone interviews 进行电话采访

do the laundry 洗衣服

do up 打扮，梳妆，收拾，把（衣服，鞋子等）扣/系好

do up one’s shoes / hair 系好鞋带/梳好头

do up the button 扣纽扣

do well / better in… 在……方面干得好/更好

do with 处理，处置，对付

do wrong 做坏事，做错事（比较：do right = do the right thing 做得对）


例如：

To tell the truth, I don’t know how to do with him.

I’ll have nothing to do with him from now on.

What did you do with that camera you found?

The poisonous waste may do great harm to the things around us.

Eat more fruit; it will do good to you.

I think I can do better in English this year than last year.

Liszt said, “You’ve done wrong, but I can see you are truly sorry about it.”

I’m going to do my best this year.

I was only trying to do a good deed.


（8）get短语：

get a better understanding of China 更好地了解中国

get a full mark / full marks 得满分

get a lot of satisfaction 得到满足

get at 意指，本意是

get around = get about 四处走动，活动

get away 移走，拿走，逃脱，逃离

get away from 逃脱，逃离

get back 回来，回家，取回，找回，退还

get close to 接近

get down 下来，降下

get down on one’s knees 跪下

get down to (doing) sth 开始（做）某事）

get in 进入，收获，达到

get in a word 插话

get into… 进入……

get sb into… 使某人陷入

get it 接（电话），应（门），理解，懂得 get off 下车，脱下（衣服等）

get on 上车，过活

get on / along with… 进展，与……相处

get on one’s feet （艰难地）站立起来 get out 离开，出去

get out of 逃避，避免

get over 克服，恢复，原谅

get up 起床，起身

get across 理解，度过

get through 接通（电话），完成（工作），通过（考试）

get to 到达，抵达

get to sleep 入睡，设法睡着

get / gain / take possession of 占有，拥有，占领

get ready for 为……做准备

（比较：be ready for = be well prepared for = be in preparation for 为……做好了准备）

get rid of 除掉，去掉

get sb to do 让某人做

get the idea for… 想到……的主意

get the message across 传播信息

get together 相聚，碰头，联欢

get / be used to sth 习惯于……，适应于……

（比较：be used as sth 被用作……

be used for sth 被用于……，用来做……

be used to do sth 被用于做……

used to do sth 过去常常做）

get / be dressed 穿衣服

get / be engaged (to sb) （与某人）订婚

get / be lost 丢失了，迷路

get / be married (to sb) = marry (sb) （与某人）结婚

get / be stuck 陷进去，被困住，被难住，遇到困难

get / be tired of 对……感到厌倦，对……失去兴趣

（比较：get / be tired for 因……而感到疲倦）


例如：

I’m getting on well with my classmates now.

How are you getting along with your English?

He got the book away from her.

The bank robbers used a stolen car to get away.

When did you get back from the countryside?

Have you got back the book you lent him?

“Get down on your knees,” said the Genie, “for I am going to kill you.”

The dust has got into my eyes.

This mistake may get him into difficulties.

Before I could get in a word he had measured me, and was giving orders for evening suits.

If you knock into someone, or get into his way, you should say, “Excuse me.” or “I’m sorry.”

When you are in London, you might get in touch with a friend of mine.

The conductor got off and checked the rails.

She got on her bicycle and cycled off.

You work too hard! You should get out a bit more.

If you don’t want to go, I suppose I can get rid of the ticket.

We all try to get together at least once a year at Christmas time.

It took us only four minutes to get through the Customs(海关).

I telephoned him, but I just couldn’t get through to him.

She felt so cold that she got close to her mother.

It’s time we got down to work.

The theatre was already full, and we couldn’t get in.

The peasants are busy getting in the crops.

We didn’t get up until lunch time.

He got up and walked over to the window.


（9）give短语：

give away 赠送，给予，背弃，泄露，分发

give back 归还，送回

give in 投降，让步，屈服

give off 释放，发出，放出 (烟、光、热等)

give out 用完，耗尽，分发，发放

give over = hand over 转交，移交

give up 放弃，辞去

give a concert 开音乐会

give a description of… 描述……

give / make a speech 演讲，讲话

give a talk 演讲，做报告

give birth to 生婴儿，生产，造成

give close attention to 密切关注

give medical care to sb 对某人进行治疗

give shade in summer 夏天时遮阳

give / lend sb a hand 给某人帮助

give sb a message = give a message to sb 给某人捎个口信

give sb a second look 再看某人一眼

give sb a warm welcome 热烈欢迎某人

give sb some advice on sth / doing sth / how to do sth 就……向某人提出建议/忠告


例如：

In those days, he used to give away a part of his income to help his friend.

Remember not to give it away to anyone else; it’s a secret.

Both sides argued with reason, and neither would give in.

If they are burned, they will give off poisonous gases.

When they made ready to climb the next ridge (山脊), they found that their oxygen had given out.

Our English teacher is giving out the test papers.

Both the man and the horse gave out after the long ride.

All hope of finding the missing aircraft was given up and the search stopped.

Mary had to give up her job after her marriage.

Mr Black will give us a talk on how to learn English well this afternoon.

Could you give us some advice on reading?

If you won’t have it changed, please give my money back.


（10）go短语：

go abroad 出国

go about 四处走走，开始做，着手干

go about from house to house 挨/逐家拜访

go against 违反，违背

go ahead 说吧，干吧，领先，走在前面

go / walk around 四处走走

go away 走开，离去

go back 回去

go beyond 超越

go by 走过，经过，（时间）消逝，过去

go down 下来，落下，倒下

go down on one’s knees 跪下

go for 为……去，努力获取，主张，适用于

go for a hike = go hiking 去徒步旅行

go for a job interview 去面试找工作

go for a walk / walks 散步

go for sb 对某人也一样

go in for 参加，喜欢

go into 详细调查

go into details 细说

go off 走开，离去，（闹钟）闹响

go off to = be off to = leave for 动身去

go off the air 停止广播（比较：go on the air 开始广播）

go on 发生，进行，继续

go / be on diet 在节食

go on (a) holiday 去度假

go on a tour to 去……观光（游览）

go on a visit to 去……访问（参观）

go on doing sth 继续做某事（同一事）

[比较：go on to do sth 继续做某事（另一事）

go on with sth 继续某事]

go out 熄灭，出去 ，外出

go over 复习，过一遍，仔细检查，审阅

go past 从……的旁边过去

go up 上升，上涨，增长，攀登

go with… 与……相配

go without 忍受没有……之苦，没有……也行，没有……也能勉强应付

go shopping / fishing / sailing / camping / skating 去购物/钓鱼/驾船航行/宿营/滑冰

go straight along 沿着……一直往前走

go through 通过，经受，浏览，仔细检查

go through with 完成

go to bed （上床）睡觉

go to school / work 上学/上班

go to sea 当水手

go to sleep 入睡

go to town 进城

go to a movie 去看电影

go to the country(side) 下乡

go home / there 回家/去那儿

go to see a doctor 去看病，去看医生

go bad 变坏

go wrong 出毛病，不对头，做错事，误入歧途

go Dutch 各付各的帐，平摊费用


例如：

No one dared to go against the rules.

—Do you mind if I open the window? / Do you mind my opening the window?

—No, go ahead.

I went away /off wondering if I’d said anything wrong.

I’m afraid the fish has gone bad.

Things will get easier as time goes by.

He went by quickly, taking no notice of us.

If you really want the job, go for it!

Close all the doors and lock them when you go out. The same goes for windows.

I go in for all the competitions.

After a short pause, Maria went on with her story.

Suddenly the candle went out.

Once again I went over exactly what I needed to say.

Let’s go over what we learned last period.

Do you want me to go through this and check your spellings?

Unemployment in that country has gone up by a million.

It is possible to go without food for a few days.

Something’s gone wrong with my watch; I must have it repaired.