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从已知求未知，是综合填空的解题思路。

一、 空格句子和前后句之间，呈现出这样的基本关系：

1. 事实一（需关注：名、动、形、副词）

2. 衔接词（纯连词、连接性副词及词组——非必要条件）

3. 事实二（需关注：名、动、形、副词）

二、 相邻两句（事实）之间的关系，可以总结为五类、十种：

总分关系

举例——such as; including; for example; To illustrate; etc.

总结——in a word; in short; in conclusion; to sum up; etc.

并列关系

平行——in addition; as well; also; moreover; besides; etc.

递进——in fact; particularly; still; even; what’s more; etc.

对比关系

对比——by contrast; in comparison; on the other hand; etc.

转折——in practice; however; instead; despite; while; even so; etc.

因果关系

因果——therefore; hence; thus;; for this reason; etc.

条件——as a result; in this way; accordingly; etc.

时空关系

时间——at first; at the same time; all the time; finally; etc.

空间——beyond; below; ahead; nearby; on the left; etc.

三、 求解范围基本是“知二求一”，即文中找到两个条件，推理出一个未知的。

1、求事实一。例如：

But have you ever heard of a forest fire that can be ____86____ for a forest? People start some of the fires with a special reason to actually do good to the eco-system.

86. A）helpful B）powerful C）harmful D）awful

已知事实二：fires；do good (to the eco-system)

句际关系为：总分——（举例）有些森林大火有利生态

推导事实一：helpful——森林大火也可以有帮助

（注：大部分情况是在前一个事实句中挖空。）

2、求事实二。例如：

Sometimes you may not understand your parents. One minute they’re friendly, the next minute they’re shouting and screaming loudly enough for the whole street to hear. So who makes them so __85__? You, probably!

85. A. friendly B. lonely C. changeable D. comfortable

已知事实一：One minute；friendly。the next minute；shouting and screaming loudly

句际关系为：概括——（举例）时而和蔼时而尖叫

推导事实二：什么让他们如此changeable（多变的）

3、求衔接词。例如：

Can you imagine how boring this (cooking meals) can get? Imagine how your parents feel when you say you’re not really hungry. __90__, your parents are probably worried that you aren’t eating enough.

90. A. In addition B. In return C. At most D. At last

已知事实一：imagine how they feel （他们的感受——失望）

已知事实二：parents are probably worried（他们怕你吃不饱——担心）

句际关系为：并列——一方面失望或生气、同时又（in addition）担心

4、需要注意：大部分情况下，要借助多处事实。例如：

You may hate missing a party to visit some boring old relatives. They may go on and on about what a sweet baby you were. You have no choice but to listen. Even if you __88__, your parents won’t change their minds.

88. A. agree B. complain C. listen D. win

已知事实一：包括关键词(you) missing a party; (act) a sweet baby; (have) to listen；以及(parents) won’t change their minds

句际关系为：让步，even if（即使）

推导事实二：complain（你忍耐着一切，即便你抱怨也无济于事）

Every lie requires five more lies. If you keep hiding truth from them, they will not __78__ you. They will not respect you.

78. A. trouble B. remember C. answer D. trust

已知事实一：If you keep hiding truth和they will not respect you

句际关系为：并列——not respect + not ______?

推导事实二：respect（一个谎言导致更多谎言去掩盖；如果你这么做了，他们会不尊重、不信任你。）

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