阅读理解·阅读表达类
1.（2020年，天津卷，第一次高考）
I remember the day shyness took over my life. I was 14 and having a French lesson The teacher told us to record ourselves speaking about a holiday. Perfect！ I recorded myself with confidence. Then, I pressed "play" to listen back. All I heard was a little kid talking. My immediate reaction was to assume I was listening to someone else's recording. But that was my voice. I realised there was something strange about me.
My little voice has made me feel really shy. And my shyness has caused me to avoid attending events, not make important connections, and keep my ideas to myself. As a shy person, working from home, hiding behind my computer was brilliant. But the more time I spent hidden away, the more my comfort zone shrank（缩小）. Everyday interactions, like ordering a coffee, became increasingly awkward and uncomfortable.
And then, one day I was at a big conference and it suddenly hit me like lightning. All speakers were confident, comfortable with Being seen. There were no quieter voices. But the trouble is, if the loud voices are the only ones you hear, we quiet people feel even more alienated（疏远的）。 The world needs a mixture of personalities. Success is not just about who can shout the loudest. The world needs quieter people, too. That day I chose to stop hiding and embrace my shyness. No more feeling like I needed to change who I am in order to succeed. No more living a small life.
Then I created the Shy and Mighty Society, a space for shy people like me to shine, and in the process of helping others, I could also push myself forward, bit by bit. Now, I'm happy to tell people I feel shy. I'm not ashamed any more. And I know that I’m not alone.
1.Why did the author feel strange about herself after listening to the recording? （no more than 10 words）
2.What is the main idea of Para.2? （no more than 10 words
3.What does the underlined word in Para.3 mean? （1 word）
4.Why did the author create the Shy and Mighty Society? （no more than 10 words）
5.Suppose you are in charge of the Shy and Mighty Society, what will you do to help other shy people? And why? （no more than 20 words）
【答案】
1.Because her voice was different from what she had expected.
Or: Because all she heard was a little kid talking.
Or: Because of her little voice.
2.Her shyness had a/an（bad） influence/effect/impact on her（life）
Or: Her shyness kept her hidden away.
Or: Her shyness kept her away from other people.
3.Accept.
Or: Welcome.
4.To help shy people（to shine） and push herself forward.
Or: To help other shy people and herself.
5.I will organize a speech contest so that they can walk out of their comfort zone and become more confident.
Or: I will share my experience with them, telling them how I handle my shyness.
Or: I will encourage them to take part in various activities to improve their social skills.
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者是一个害羞的人，害差使作者不敢参加活动，并把自己封闭起来。后来作者接受了自己的害怕，并创建了Shy and Mighty Society，给像自己一样害羞的人发光的空间，共同提高。
1.细节理解题。根据第一段“I pressed "play" to listen back. All I heard was a little kid talking. My immediate reaction was to assume I was listening to someone else's recording. But that was my voice. I realised there was something strange about me.”可知，作者录完音后，按下“播放”键来听，奇怪地听到一个小孩在说话。作者的第一反应是以为在听别人的录音，但那是作者的声音。由此可知，作者感到奇怪是因为自己的声音小，或听到一个小孩在说话，或是感觉听到的不是自己期望的。故答案为：Because her voice was different from what she had expected. Or: Because all she heard was a little kid talking. Or: Because of her little voice.
2.段落大意题。根据第二段“My little voice has made me feel really shy. And my shyness has caused me to avoid attending events, not make important connections, and keep my ideas to myself. As a shy person, working from home, hiding behind my computer was brilliant. But the more time I spent hidden away, the more my comfort zone shrank（缩小）.” 可知作者的声音小，使作者害羞，害羞使作者不参加活动，不和别人交流。作者越隐藏自己，舒适区就越小。这些都说明了害羞使作者隐藏，远离了别人，给作者带来了坏影响。故答案为：Her shyness had a/an（bad） influence/effect/impact on her（life）. Or: Her shyness kept her hidden away. Or: Her shyness kept her away from other people.
3.词义猜测题。上句提到“The world needs a mixture of personalities. Success is not just about who can shout the loudest. The world needs quieter people, too.”表明作者感悟到这个世界需个性。成功不只是谁喊得声最大。世界也需要更安静的人。根据“That day I chose to stop hiding”可知作者选择不再躲藏，接受自己的害羞。embrace原意是“拥抱”，此处指“接受，迎接”，故答案为：Accept. Or: Welcome.
4.细节理解题。根据最后一段“Then I created the Shy and Mighty Society, a space for shy people like me to shine, and in the process of helping others, I could also push myself forward,”可知作者创建Shy and Mighty Society是为了给像自己一样害羞的人发光的空间，在帮助别人的过程中，也可以推动自己一点点前进。故答案为：To help shy people（to shine） and push herself forward. Or: To help other shy people and herself.
5.推理判断题。作者创建Shy and Mighty Society是为了给像自己一样害羞的人发光的空间，所以作为这个组织的负责人应该是组织活动或分享克服害羞的经验，用多种形式鼓励他人战胜害羞、增加自信、提高社交技能。故答案可以是：I will organize a speech contest so that they can walk out of their comfort zone and become more confident. Or: I will share my experience with them, telling them how I handle my shyness. Or: I will encourage them to take part in various activities to improve their social skills.
2.（2020年，天津卷，第二次高考）
阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
As any younger brother will tell you, having a big brother involves a lot of walking in someone else’s shadow, especially when you have a brother who is a typical example of “cool”. For years I wanted to do everything my elder brother Tyson did, but no matter how hard I tried, I was always the neglected (被忽略的) one. My legs just weren’t made to run like his. I could never play football or basketball well.
I probably would have continued trying to keep up with him for the rest of my high school career, but when my family moved, everything changed. Tyson left for college, so I had to start at a new school all by myself. This new start gave me an opportunity to redefine myself and discover an entirely new version of “cool”.
I don’t know what made me decide to try some new activities at the new school, but one day I chanced to show up for an after-school meeting of the Science Olympiad team. I had always been fascinated with chemistry, biology, and math, but since those interests hadn’t fit Tyson’s definition of “cool”, I had never pursued them. On this day, for some reason, I did.
As we organized teams, prepared resources and practiced answering questions, I felt more connected than I ever had to any sports team. I didn’t feel as though I needed to keep up with anybody else; I was finally with peers who understood me. It was so good to feel accepted for what I’m good at. For the first time in my life, I actually felt cool. Now I know who I am! I’m Tyson’s little brother, but that’s only part of my identity. I’m a cool guy in my own way, too. I’m relieved to know that “cool” has a much broader definition than what I used to think.
6.How do you understand the underlined part in Paragraph 1? (no more than 8 words)
_________________________
7.What changes offered a new start to the author after his family moved? (no more than 15 words)
_________________________
8.According to Paragraph 3, what marked the turning point in the author’s growth? (no more than 7 words)
_________________________
9.What does Paragraph 4 mainly talk about? (no more than 10 words)
_________________________
10.What is your example of “cool”? Please explain why. (no more than 20 words)
_________________________
【答案】
6.Receiving less attention than someone else.
Or: Being/Feeling less successful than someone else.
Or: Being/Feeling neglected.
7.That his brother left for college and he changed schools.
Or: Tyson’s leaving for college and the author’s going to/attending a new school.
8.Joining the Science Olympiad team.
Or: That he joined the Science Olympiad team.
Or: Discovering his true interests (in science).
9.(How) the author discovered a broader definition of “cool”.
Or: He has discovered his own way to be cool.
Or: He found his own identity.
10.Playing football well is cool Because I can show how strong I am.
Or: Playing the piano is cool because it can give me joy.
Or: Helping the poor is cool because it can give them hope and bring me pleasure.
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者一直活在哥哥泰森的阴影下，他的哥哥很酷，所以他总是被忽略。但当哥哥离开去上大学，他独自开始学校生活时，通过加入学校的Science Olympiad，他找到了真正的自己，也按自己的理解重新定义了”酷”。
6.词义猜测题。根据第一段的As any younger brother will tell you, having a big brother involves a lot of walking in someone else’s shadow, especially when you have a brother who is a typical example of “cool”. For years I wanted to do everything my elder brother Tyson did, but no matter how hard I tried, I was always the neglected one.可知，就像任何一个弟弟会告诉你的那样，有一个大哥哥意味着走在别人的影子里，尤其是当你有一个很“酷”的哥哥时。多年以来，我想做我的哥哥泰森做的一切，但是无论我怎么努力，我总是被忽略的一个。根据句意，尤其是I was always the neglected one可推测，划线部分的意思是“得不到关注/被忽略”。故填:Receiving less attention than someone else.
Or: Being/Feeling less successful than someone else.
Or: Being/Feeling neglected.
7.细节理解题。根据第二段的but when my family moved, everything changed. Tyson left for college, so I had to start at a new school all by myself. (但当我们搬家时，一切都改变了。泰森去上大学了，所以我不得不独自在一个新的学校开始)可知，搬家后，作者的哥哥去上大学以及作者独自开始新学校的生活给了作者他新的开始。故填:That his brother left for college and he changed schools.
Or: Tyson’s leaving for college and the author’s going to/attending a new school.
8.细节理解题。根据第三段的I had always been fascinated with chemistry, biology, and math, but since those interests hadn’t fit Tyson’s definition of “cool”, I had never pursued them. On this day, for some reason, I did. (我一直对化学、生物和数学着迷，但因为这些兴趣不符合泰森对“酷”的定义，所以我从来没有追求过。这一天，出于某种原因，我参加了)可知，参加Science Olympiad队是作者成长的转折点，因为他选择不再做哥哥的“影子”。故填:Joining the Science Olympiad team.
Or: That he joined the Science Olympiad team.
Or: Discovering his true interests (in science).
9.主旨大意题。根据本段的主要内容，尤其是Now I know who I am! I’m Tyson’s little brother, but that’s only part of my identity. I’m a cool guy in my own way, too. I’m relieved to know that “cool” has a much broader definition than what I used to think.(现在我知道我是谁了！我是泰森的弟弟，但那只是我身份的一部分。按照我自的方式，我也是个很酷的人。知道酷的定义比我以前认为的要宽泛得多，我感到很欣慰)可知，本段主要讲述了作者找到了自己的身份以及自己对酷的定义。故填:(How) the author discovered a broader definition of “cool”.
Or: He has discovered his own way to be cool.
Or: He found his own identity.
10.开放性题目。只要回答出自己认为什么很酷，以及原因即可。故可填:Playing football well is cool because I can show how strong I am.
Or: Playing the piano is cool because it can give me joy.
Or: Helping the poor is cool because it can give them hope and bring me pleasure.
3.（2018年3月，天津卷）
阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
For many teenagers, a job is a way to earn a little extra money. For me, it is more than that.
At the age of 16, I was offered my very first job as a shopgirl in a clothing store. On the first day, my manager was training me how to fold and organize platform after platform of clothes. The work seemed overwhelming, and everything had to be done in an accurate way. I got so impatient because I couldn’t get it right the first couple of times. After about ten tries, I had the clothes folded perfectly. Then it took me thirty minutes to get them all looking uniform. Now, I fold and organize clothes every day, and I’m able to do them well. Through this experience, I’ve learned to be patient.
Helping customers and establishing connections with them is one of the things I love most about my job. About two months ago, I helped a woman who was looking for a dress. She told me exactly what she was picturing—a blue dress with long sleeves and a lace neck. We didn’t have any such dress, and when I explained that to her, she wasn’t very happy. Instead of getting annoyed, I tried getting to know her a bit better and asked what the dress was for, so I could find other items in her size that could work. We shared our love of the Netflix fashion show, and she ended up buying $200 worth of new clothes, having found other items she liked. This experience has taught me to be more open with strangers.
Every job has its share of frustrations and challenges; to do well you must learn to deal with them. I’ve learned this from my own experience, and it has helped me in other aspects of my life as well.
11.What was the author’s first job? (no more than 5 words)
12.What is the meaning of the underlined word in Para. 2? (no more than 3 words)
13.How did the author manage to meet the customer’s needs in Para. 3? (no more than 15 words)
14.How has the author’s work experience changed her in personality? (no more than 10 words)
15.What job would you like to do? How can you help people in your work? (no more than 20 words)
【答案】
11.Selling clothes.
Or: She sold clothes.
Or: She worked as a shopgirl.
Or: Working in a clothing store.
Or: Working as a shopgirl.
Or: She was a shopgirl.
12.Huge and difficult.
Or: Too much/Beyond me.
Or: Difficult/Tough/Hard/Frustrating.
Or: Challenging/Demanding.
Or: Great in amount.
13.She learned about the customer’s interest and helped her get the clothes that suited her.
Or: By learning about the customer’s taste and what her dress was for.
Or: She helped the customer to get the clothes she liked.
14.It has made her patient and more open with people/ strangers.
Or: She is (more) patient and more open with people/ strangers.
Or: She has become (more) patient and more open with people/ strangers.
Or: She is more patient and open facing frustrations and challenges.
15.I’d like to be a teacher. I can help children acquire knowledge and grow up.
Or: I’d like to be a doctor so that I can improve people’s health and save their lives.
Or: I’d like to be a policeman. I can protect people from danger and create a safe living environment.
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了作者在16岁当售货员的经历，通过此经历，作者学会了要有耐心，且对陌生人更加诚恳。告诉读者每一份工作都有它的挫折和挑战;要想做好，你必须学会去处理它们，这对我生活的其他方面也有帮助。
11.细节理解题。由第二段“At the age of 16, I was offered my very first job as a shopgirl in a clothing store”可知，16岁时，作者得到了第一份工作，在一家服装店当店员。所以作者的第一份工作是卖衣服。故回答为：Selling clothes. Or: She sold clothes. Or: She worked as a shopgirl. Or: Working in a clothing store. Or: Working as a shopgirl. Or: She was a shopgirl.
12.词句猜测题。由第二段划线词后的句子“everything had to be done in an accurate way. I got so impatient because I couldn’t get it right the first couple of times. After about ten tries, I had the clothes folded perfectly. Then it took me thirty minutes to get them all looking uniform.”可知，每件事都必须准确无误地完成。我很不耐烦，因为前几次我都做的不好。试了大约十次后，我才把衣服叠得整整齐齐。然后我花了30分钟让他们看起来很均匀。所以通过上下文语境可以判断出，第2段划线的“overwhelming”意思是“巨大的和困难的”的意思。故回答为：Huge and difficult. Or: Too much/Beyond me. Or:Difficult/Tough/Hard/Frustrating. Or: Challenging/Demanding. Or: Great in amount.
13.细节理解题。由第三段“Instead of getting annoyed, I tried getting to know her a bit better and asked what the dress was for, so I could find other items in her size that could work. We shared our love of the Netflix fashion show, and she ended up buying $200 worth of new clothes, having found other items she liked.”可知，作者没有生气，而是试着更好地了解她，问她这件衣服要怎么穿，这样我就可以找到其他适合她的尺码的衣服。我们分享了我们对Netflix时装秀的热爱，结果她买了价值200美元的新衣服，找到了她喜欢的其他商品。所以作者了解到顾客的兴趣，帮她买了适合自己的衣服设法来满足客户的需求。故回答为：She learned about the customer’s interest and helped her get the clothes that suited her.
Or: By learning about the customer’s taste and what her dress was for. Or: She helped the customer to get the clothes she liked.
14.细节理解题。由第二段“Through this experience, I’ve learned to be patient.”通过这次经历，我学会了有耐心。以及第三段“This experience has taught me to be more open with strangers.”经历教会我要对陌生人更加诚恳。所以作者的工作经历使她更有耐心，对陌生人更加诚恳。故回答为：It has made her patient and more open with people/ strangers. Or: She is (more) patient and more open with people/ strangers. Or: She has become (more) patient and more open with people/ strangers. Or: She is more patient and open facing frustrations and challenges.
15.推理判断题。通读全文可知，短文叙述了作者在16岁当售货员的经历，作者学会了要有耐心，且对陌生人更加诚恳。作者学会了告诉读者每一份工作都有它的挫折和挑战;要想做好，你必须学会处理它们，这对我生活的其他方面也有帮助。所以判断出你想做什么工作? 你怎么帮助别人？故回答为：I’d like to be a teacher. I can help children acquire knowledge and grow up. Or: I’d like to be a doctor so that I can improve people’s health and save their lives. Or: I’d like to be a policeman. I can protect people from danger and create a safe living environment.
4.（2019年6月，天津卷）
阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
Haze Mabry, who has worked as a school keeper for thirteen years, walks into the school building every day and empties garbage cans, wipes down bathrooms and mops wet messes in the hallways.
Last Friday, after he arrived at the school, instead of finding garbage to clean up, he found almost 800 students lining the hallways with handmade cards, blowing noisemakers and singing a full-throated happy birthday to him. It was his 80th. As he walked the long hallway, some popped out of line to hug him. They handed him so many cards that they filled several large boxes. Touched by their enthusiastic expression of affection, Mabry thanked them all. “They’re like my children,” Mabry said.
On a regular day, students at the school sometimes come up to him to say they’re not feeling well or other times to tell him about something that happened at break. He knows most of the kids at the school, but can’t name each one. Some of them make him know them. Like Faith, who often forgets her backpack in the cafeteria, and Lucy, who just wants a hug.
“He won’t brag(夸耀) on himself, but it doesn’t matter what he’s doing or where he is, he will always stop what he’s doing to take care of a child if that child is having a bad day. If a child approaches him, he will pause to give that child his undivided attention. He’s the most loved one in this building,” said Lori Gilreath, a reading teacher.
Mabry works circles around all the students, cleaning up messes others don’t want to touch. He doesn’t expect a lot. Mabry said he hadn’t planned to do much for his milestone birthday, so he was happy the students had prepared the surprise celebration.
Over the weekend, he worked through the piles of handmade cards at his house. One card from a student stood out to him. It read: “Mr. Haze, you are my sunshine.”
16.What is Mabry’s daily work as a school keeper？（no more than 5 words）
17.How did the students celebrate Mabry’s birthday？（no more than 15 words）
18.What does the underlined word in Paragraph 2 probably mean？（1 word）
19.Why is Mabry’s presence at the school important？（no more than 10 words）
20.Who is the “sunshine” in your life？Please explain. （no more than 20 words）
【答案】
16.Cleaning the（school）building.
Or: Doing（the）cleaning.
Or: He cleans the（school）building.
Or: He does（the）cleaning.
17.By lining the hallways，blowing noisemakers，singing a song，handing him cards，and hugging him.
Or: By lining the hallways with（handmade）cards，blowing noisemakers，singing a song，and hugging him.
Or: They lined the hallways，blew noisemakers，sang a song，handed him cards，and hugged him.
Or: They lined the hallways with（handmade）cards，blew noisemakers，sang a song，and hugged him.
18.Love.
Or: Liking.
Or: Fondness.
19.（Because）he loves/cares about（the）students and works hard.
Or: （Because）he loves（the）students and is devoted to his work.
Or: （Because）he is kind/caring/helpful to the students，and hard-working.
Or: （Because）he is regarded as a kind/warm-hearted/helpful/caring and hard-working man.
20.My father/mother. （Because）he/she loves me and encourages me when I'm faced/confronted with difficulties.
Or: My teacher. （Because）he/she cares about me and prepares me for my future career.
Or: My friend. （Because）he/she brings me joy/happiness and gives me a lot of comfort/help/encouragement.
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文中记叙了一位清洁工Mabry，他的日常工作就是清扫学校大楼。Mabry爱学生，关心学生。学生们也尊敬他，喜欢他。在他80生日那天，学生们用自己的方式帮他庆祝生日，表达了对Mabry的热爱。
16.细节理解题。根据第一段Haze Mabry, who has worked as a school keeper for thirteen years, walks into the school building every day and empties garbage cans, wipes down bathrooms and mops wet messes in the hallways.可知，Haze Mabry是一位清洁工，他的日常工作就是清扫学校大楼。因此本句的答案可为：Cleaning the (school) building；Or：doing (the) cleaning；Or: He cleans the (school) building；Or: He does (the) cleaning.
17.细节理解题。根据第二段Last Friday, after he arrived at the school, instead of finding garbage to clean up, he found almost 800 students lining the hallways with handmade cards, blowing noisemakers and singing a full-throated happy birthday to him. It was his 80th. As he walked the long hallway, some popped out of line to hug him.可知，上个周五，他发现几乎有800名学生在走廊里排队，拿着手制卡片，吹口哨，为他唱了一首响亮的生日快乐歌，拥抱他。因此答案为：By lining the hallways, blowing noisemakers, singing a song, handing him cards, and hugging him.
Or: By lining the hallways with (handmade) cards, blowing noisemakers, singing a song, and hugging him.
Or: They lined the hallways, blew noisemakers, sang a song, handed him cards, and hugged him.
Or: They lined the hallways with (handmade) card, blew noisemakers, sang a song, handed him cards, and hugged him.
18.猜测词义题。根据第二段学生们为Mabry庆祝生日的方式和划线词后的内容Touched by their enthusiastic expression of affection, Mabry thanked them all. “They’re like my children,” Mabry said.可知，Mabry爱学生，把学生当作自己的孩子。那么学生们也表达了他们对Mabry的热爱。因此Mabry被学生的爱所感动，故所以“affection”相当于“Love”，故填love，Or: liking. Or: Fondness.
19.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的内容he will always stop what he’s doing to take care of a child if that child is having a bad day. If a child approaches him, he will pause to give that child his undivided attention. He’s the most loved one in this building,”以及最后一段Mabry works circles around all the students, cleaning up messes others don’t want to touch. He doesn’t expect a lot.可知，Mabry关心爱护孩子，帮助孩子，是一个善良、热心的人。一个不怕脏不怕累、勤奋工作的人。因此答案为：
(Because) he loves/cares about（the）students and works hard.
Or: (Because) he loves the students and devoted to his work.
Or: (Because) he is kind/caring /helping to the students , and hard-working.
Or: (Because) he is regarded as a kind /warm-hearted /helpful/caring and hard-working man.
20.考查综合表达能力。本题的题目：who is the “sunshine” in your life?（谁是你生活中的阳光？）只要在生活或学习中帮助过你，关心你、爱护你的，鼓励你，安慰你的都可称为your sunshine。因此答案可为：
My father/mother.(Because) he/she loves me and encouraged me when I’m faced/confronted with difficulties.
Or: My teacher.(Because) he/she cares about me and prepares me for my future career.
Or: My friend.(Because) he/she brings me joy/happiness and gives me a lot of comfort/ help/ encouragement.
5.（2019年3月，天津卷）
阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
My teacher Peter Bullock proved that science wasn’t boring and made physics great fun. In every lesson he would produce one of those worksheets in purple ink that smelled fresh from the machine. Every sheet contained a poem or a joke and we looked forward to them being handed out. I’ve kept them all to show to my own children. There was one poem in particular that’s stayed in my memory, which went:
In early days Man measured Time
By sunrise and sunset sublime;
As well as being able to turn physics into poetry, Peter had energy and passion and conveyed the sense that science was part of the world around you and not a dull boring academic discipline. I’m sure he was sticking pretty much to the standard topics—waves and electricity and so on—but he managed to convert everything into a joke or a story and did so in a clever and imaginative way.
Peter Bullock was not only an exciting teacher, but also the man who founded the debate club in my school. He encouraged me to take part and express myself in a forceful way that I’ve been doing ever since—and getting paid for it. That made me what I am today—a commercial lawyer.
Peter Bullock taught me throughout my secondary schooling and I took physics, chemistry and maths at A-level. Everyone in his class enjoyed learning. He was inspiring. He turned me on to the idea that the things you are interested in might seem dull on the surface, but you can still excite others. For example, when I tell people I’m interested in law, they may think: “How boring.” I guess being a physics teacher is much the same. Peter showed me that what matters is how you convey your own passion so that you excite other people.
21.Why did the students expect to get the worksheets in Peter’s class? (no more than 10 words)
22.What is the meaning of the underlined word in Para. 2? (1 word)
23.What does Para. 3 mainly tell us? (no more than 15 words)
24.How did Peter make his students interested in the things that seem dull? (no more than 10 words)
25.What do you think is the most important quality of a good teacher? Please explain. (no more than 20 words)
【答案】
21.(Because) every sheet contained/had a poem or a joke.
Or: (Because) there was a poem/a joke on every sheet.
Or: (Because) the worksheets were interesting/amusing.
22.Subject.
Or: Field.
Or: Area.
23.The author’s experience in the debate club contributed to his career.
Or: The author benefited from his experience in the debate club.
Or: Peter influenced the author’s career.
Or: Peter played a very important role in the author’s life.
Or: Peter founded the debate club, which helped the author to become a lawyer.
24.By conveying his own passion to the students.
Or: He used poems, jokes and stories in his teaching.
Or: By using creative teaching methods.
25.A good teacher should be passionate. This is important because a passionate teacher could excite the students.
Or: A good teacher should be humorous. This is important because a humorous teacher makes learning easy and fun.
Or: A good teacher should be knowledgeable. This is important because students could learn a lot from him/her.
Or: Creativity is the most important quality to keep students interested and motivated.
Or: A good teacher is supposed to love his/her students. Only those who are loved can learn how to love others.
【解析】本文为记叙文。作者讲述了自己的物理老师彼得·布洛克。彼得不仅能把物理学变成诗歌，他还充满活力和激情，传达出科学是你周围世界的一部分，而不是枯燥乏味的学术学科的感觉。彼得·布洛克深深激励和影响了作者。
21.原文出处在第一自然段：Every sheet contained a poem or a joke and we looked forward to them being handed out.其中，looked forward to语义是题干expect to的同义表达替换，结合连词 and 语义中所具有的因果先后逻辑可知，此题的答案应该是and 前文：Every sheet contained a poem or a joke。此题难度不大，结合原文，直接抄写原句即可为正确答案。另请注意，根据 对参考答案的分析可知，回答Why的问题时，because这个词不一定必须写出， 因此也请考生注意字数要求。答案：(Because) every sheet contained/had a poem or a joke.
Or: (Because) there was a poem/a joke on every sheet.
Or: (Because) the worksheets were interesting/amusing.
22.原文下划线单词为第二自然段此处：not a dull boring academic discipline。原文第一自然段中的背景为Peter老师是一个物理老师，他的课堂从不沉闷无聊，是因为他善于用诗歌或笑话来调动学生们的学习兴趣。此处设空处的描述：Peter老师向学生们传达的就是科学是一你所处的这个世界的一部分，并不是一种 沉闷的学术 discipline. 结合“学术的”的搭配以及物理学科的前文背景，此处的 discipline 一词指的应该是学科的“科”字，也可是领域，区域，学科-- field/area/subject答案：Subject.
Or: Field.
Or: Area.
23.归纳段意题目。倒数第二段介绍了这样的关键词: the debate club/take part/getting paid for it / I am today- a commercial lawyer，需要学生在快速阅读的过程中快速搞清故事的发展。Peter老师所创办的校内辩论俱乐部并在他的要求我也加入了进去，未来收到了回报，作者成为了律师。故段意归纳含有以下意向即可算是正确的：影响/收 获/有助于/职业/未来工作/人生。答案：The author’s experience in the debate club contributed to his career.
Or: The author benefited from his experience in the debate club.
Or: Peter influenced the author’s career.
Or: Peter played a very important role in the author’s life.
Or: Peter founded the debate club, which helped the author to become a lawyer.
24.答案在最后一段。此题难度在于无法在原文中的一句话中攫取中能够作为答案的原句。题干中的interested（感兴趣的）与seem dull（似乎无聊的）反复地、以不同表达出现在最后一段中，这就需要学生们在不超过字数的前提下，能够高度概括。注意原文这两处表达He turned me on to the idea (turn sb. on意为inspire)以及后文最后一句you convey your own passion so that you excite other people，可知，想表达的意思为“传递激情影响学生”。答案：By conveying his own passion to the students.
Or: He used poems, jokes and stories in his teaching.
Or: By using creative teaching methods.
25.半开放式题。此题问的是你认为好老师的最重要的品质是什么。考生需要在字数要求下，写出自认为教师应该具有的品质是什么，再由because引导一个从句加以解释即可。可以根据本篇文章作者讲述自己的物理老师的优点，概括出教师应该具有的品质。根据第一段内容，作者的物理老师用紫色墨水在每一张纸上写上一首诗或一个笑话发给学生，可知老师是热情的，有爱心的；物理老师在讲述枯燥的科学原理的时候，尽可能用笑话或故事的形式来讲，这说明老师是幽默的，知识渊博的；根据老师创办了辩论俱乐部，可知老师是热情的，有创造力的。答案可以是热情的，幽默的，有创造力的等，所以答案为：A good teacher should be passionate. This is important because a passionate teacher could excite the students.
Or: A good teacher should be humorous. This is important because a humorous teacher makes learning easy and fun.
Or: A good teacher should be knowledgeable. This is important because students could learn a lot from him/her.
Or: Creativity is the most important quality to keep students interested and motivated.
Or: A good teacher is supposed to love his/her students. Only those who are loved can learn how to love others.
6.（2016年，天津卷）
阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
I’m a 34-year-old man, married, lived in a nice house, and have a successful career as an educational consultant. But my life was not always so great. I had a learning disability from an early age. I went to a special school where I got plenty of extra help. Still, I suffered the rest of my school days in public schools.
My life improved remarkably when I discovered art. The art world gave me a chance to express myself without words. I went to a workshop and gradually got good at making things with clay(黏土). Here I learned my first important lesson: disabled as I was in language. I could still be smart and well express myself with clay. And my confidence came along.
I got my next lesson from rock climbing. It was a fun thing but I was scared from the start. I soon noticed it wasn’t a talent thing; it was practice. So I did it more. After about five years of climbing, I found myself in Yosemite Valley on a big wall. I learned that if you fall in love with something and do it all the time, you will get better at it.
Later I decided to apply my previous experience to learning how to read and write. Every day I practiced reading and writing, which I used to avoid as much as possible. After two hard years, I was literate.
Having gone through the long process with art, rock climbing, and reading and writing, now I’ve got to a point in my life where I know I am smart enough to dive into an area that is totally unknown, hard, but interesting.
26.What made the author’s school days difficult? (No more than 5 words)
27.Why did art give the author confidence? (No more than 10 words)
28.What lesson did the author learn from rock climbing? (No more than 15 words)
29.What is the meaning of the underlined part in Paragraph 4? (No more than 5 words)
30.How does the author’s story inspire you to overcome difficulties in life? Put it in your own words. (No more than 20 words)
【答案】
26.（His）learning disability. Or:Having a learning disability.
Or:That he was learning disabled. Or:He had a learning disability.
27.He could be smart and express himself with clay.
Or:Art could help him express himself without words.
Or:He could well express himself with clay/art.
28.If you enjoy something and keep doing it, you will get better at it.
Or:The more you practice something, the better at it you will become.
Or:Practice makes perfect. Or:Pracitce leads to success.
29.I could read and write.
30.We should not lose heart in face of difficulties. If we work hard, we will find a way out.
Or:The author’s story tells me that I should be confident and practice hard overcome difficulties in my life.
Or:We should overcome our weaknesses and fears with courage and dertermination.
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。作者小的时候有学习障碍，但是他不放弃，通过做黏土来表达自己，通过不断练习，使自己学会读书写字。
26.细节理解题。根据文章第一段的句子I had a learning disability from an early age,可知作者学校的日子很难，因为他有学习障碍。故填（His）learning disability. Or: Having a learning di: That he was learning disabled. Or: He had a learning disability.
27.细节理解题。根据文章第二段的句子disabled as I was in language, I could still be smart and well express myself with clay可知艺术给了作者自信因为艺术可以帮助他不用语言表达自己。故填He could be smart and express himself with clay. Or: Art could help him express himself without words. Or: He could well express himself with clay/art.
28.细节理解题。根据文章第三段的句子I soon noticed it wasn’t a talent thing; it was practice.可知作者从爬山学到如果你喜欢做一件事，就一直做，你会更好的。故填If you enjoy something and keep doing it, you will get better at it. Or: The more you practice something, the better at it you will become. Or: Practice makes perfect. Or: Pracitce leads to success.
29.句意猜测题。根据文章第四段的句子Every day I practiced reading and writing, which I used to avoid as much as possible. After two hard years, I was literate.可知,这句话的意思是：我会读书写字。故填I could read and write.
30.推理判断题。根据文章的内容和最后一段的句子Having gone through the long process with…，I’ve got to a point in my life where I know I am smart enough to dive into an area that is totally unknown, hard but interesting.可知，从作者的故事中我们学会，面对失败我们不应该灰心。故填We should not lose heart in face of difficulties. If we work hard, we will find a way out. Or: The author’s story tells me that I should be confident and practice hard overcome difficulties in my life. Or: We should overcome our weaknesses and fears with courage and determination.
7.（2018年6月，天津卷）
Some people live to climb the highest mountains. Some people live only dreaming about it while others live to avoid ever climbing at all. But one thing is certain, all people encounter mountains in their life.
When I was a little girl, my family moved to a tiny town at the bottom of a big mountain. One day after school, while exploring the green woods of this magnificent mountain, I almost fell on a set of stairs. What could these steps lead to? Curiosity got the best of me as I knew it would be starting to get dark soon. I started climbing up those strangely mysterious steps.
I climbed and climbed. There was nothing but just green bushes and these steps. I had to reach the top! But it was now getting real dark. If I kept going I might not be able to see my way back. My mom would be worried sick if I didn’t come home soon. So I ran back home almost in the dark while trying not to get too scared.
Anxiously I went to bed dreaming about what I would find at the top of this magical mountain. Could there be a castle up there? Maybe I would find a monster(怪物). Maybe I was taking the risk of never coming back home. Or, maybe all I would find was absolutely nothing! But something inside me was going to climb that mountain at all cost. I could hardly wait to try this adventure again.
Now we live in a world surrounded by the "can’t do" attitudes. We all fall down. We all have doubts and regrets. Still we must climb and dream about what’s at the top of our mountain. Monsters may appear or the night will fall. But never ever give up on your dream! Never let anyone tell you, "You can’t." Dream big and climb high!
31.What made the author start to climb up the stairs to the mountain top? (no more than 5 words)
32.Why did the author hurry back home without reaching the top of the mountain? Give two reasons. (no more than 15 words)
33.How would you describe the author in terms of personalities according to Paragraph 4? (no more than 10 words)
34.How do you understand the underlined sentence in the last paragraph? (no more than 5 words)
35.What’s your attitude towards the "mountain" in your life? Please explain. (no more than 20 words)
【答案】
31.Curiosity made her do so.
Or:The desire to explore.
32.Because it was getting dark，and she didn’t want her mother to worry about her.
Or:Because she was seared，and might not be able to find her/the way back home.
33.She had rich imagination and she was brave.
Or:She was a brave and determined girl with rich imagination.
Or:She was imaginative and determined，and she dared to explore.
Or:She was imaginative，adventurous and determined.
34.We all sometimes fail.
Or:We face failure/defeat/hardships/challenges in life.
Or:There are difficulties/barriers/obstacles in life.
Or:We run into trouble sometimes.
Or:We have trouble in life.
35.I will try to reach my goal because I want to live an exciting life.
Or:I will try to reach/get to the top of the“mountain”because I want to be successful in life.
【解析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议短文阅读。作者通过小时候爬山的经历告诉我们：我们每个人在人生中都会遇到很多座山，但我们要勇于梦想，攀登高峰。
31.细节归纳题。根据文章第二段What could these steps lead to? Curiosity got the best of me as I knew it would be starting to get dark soon. I started climbing up those strangely mysterious steps.可知，好奇心驱使作者探索这些台阶通往什么，从而可以归纳出答案，注意字数的限制。
32.细节归纳题。根据文章第三段But it was now getting real dark. If I kept going I might not be able to see my way back. My mom would be worried sick if I didn’t come home soon. So I ran back home almost in the dark while trying not to get too scared.可知，作者没有到达山顶而急于回家的原因一共有4个，考生只需要归纳2个原因，注意字数的限制。
33.细节归纳题。根据文章第四段作者梦见城堡或怪物，可知作者非常具有想象力；根据But something inside me was going to climb that mountain at all cost. I could hardly wait to try this adventure again.可知，作者内心的某些东西会不惜一切代价爬上那座山并迫不及待地想再次冒险，可知作者具有冒险精神并且有决心。根据这些归纳出答案，注意字数的限制。
34.句意理解题。根据全文我们可以推断出We all fall down.指的是“我们生活中遇到的障碍/困难/失败/挑战等”。由此可以归纳出答案，注意字数的限制。
35.开放题。首先要理解题干中的mountain指的是“障碍或失败”，并且要陈述自己的理由，注意字数的限制。
点睛：本文是一篇夹叙夹议短文阅读。整体文章易懂，但题目设置灵活，总体难度中等。考生不但要从文章中找出答案，还要根据问题的设置归纳出相应的答案。书写答案的时候，考生要注意语法结构的正确以及字数的限制。