1,形容词的定义
形容词:用于解释或修饰名词、代词的单词称为形容词。
1.形容词的句法作用:句子中名词的定语、句子的表语、宾语补语。
2、形容词在句子中的位置:
做正史的时候放在名词前面,音节少的单词放在音节多的单词前面。
示例:a big yellow wooden wheel
(黄色大树轮)
说标语时放在连接动词后面。例如:
The price sounds reasonable。
(这个价格听起来很合理)
作为宾语补充语放在宾语之后。例如:
we must try our best to keep our environment clean。
“我们必须尽力保持环境清洁”
事后情况:
修饰复合否定代词时放在代词后面。例如:
something serious has happened to him。
“他发生了严重的事故”
与表示“长、宽、高、重、长、远”的单词一起使用形容词。例如:
He's 1.8 metres tall。(他身高1.8米。)。
The moon is about 380,000 kilometres away from the earth .
“月亮离地面38万公里”
3、形容词用法辨析:
whole和all:记住两个语序:
the whole名词;
all (of) the名词。例如:
He was busy the whole morning。
“整个早上都很忙”
he can remember all the words he learns。
“他能记住学过的所有单词”
tall和high,short和low:用tall和short来指人的身高。指别的东西时一般用high和low。
示例:He's very tall/short。
他个子高/矮)
tall trees are standing on both sides of that avenue。
(大路两边有大树)
A few people live on high mountains。
(少数人住在高山上)
real和true:real一般是指物品的真伪,翻译成“真”。True是指工作或信息的可靠性,翻译成“真实”。例如:
this is a real diamond(dia)和it's very expensive。
(这是真的钻石,很贵)/
- Is that true?
--是。I heard it with my own ears .
那是真的吗?好的,我自己听。)
interested和interesting之间的区别:
Interesting是指人或事物“有趣”,“定语”,“标语”。
Interested的意思是人们对其他东西“感兴趣”,只能说标语。
示例:the man is very interesting and all the children like him。
(这个人很有趣,孩子们喜欢他)
this book is interesting and you can really enjoy yourself。
(这本书很有趣,你会很享受的)
I am interested in science。
(我对自然科学感兴趣)
such用法:such a(n)名词(单数)(that子句)。例如:
I have never seen such a foolish(愚蠢)boy。
“我从没见过这么愚蠢的男孩”
he had such a terrible accident that he could never forget it。
"他发生了这么可怕的事故,他永远忘不了。"
good和well:
表示“好”的时候是定语或标语用的good,副词用的well用作。
在表示“(身体)好”时使用well。例如:
Doing sports is good for us。
(运动对我们有益)
Study well and make progress eve
ry day.(好好学习,天天向上)
--How are you?
—I am very well.
(你好吗?我很好。)
⑺ nice与fine:的区别:
nice表示令人愉快的,可以指东西、人物外表等;
fine一般指身体或天气好。如:
Let’s go and share(分享)the nice cake.
(我们去分享那块美味的蛋糕吧)
She is a nice girl.
(他是个漂亮的姑娘)
What a fine day!
(多好的天气!)
He’s fine recently
(最近).(近来他身体不错)
⑻ too much与much too:
too much表示“太多的”,修饰事物数量;
much too表示“太过,过分”,修饰形容词或副词。如:
I am full because I have had too much rice.
我饱了,因为我吃了太多的米饭
That coat is much too dear
.(那件大衣太贵了)
⑼ quick、fast与soon:
quick与fast基本同义,quick往往指反应速度快,
fast往往指运动速度快,而soon则表示时间上很快即将发生。如:
After a quick breakfast, he hurried to school leaving his bag at home.
匆匆地吃过早饭,他朝学校赶去,却把书包忘记在家
A train is much faster than a bus.
(火车比公共汽车快得多)
His father will be back to China very soon.
(他父亲很快就要返回中国)
⑽lonely与alone:
lonely是表示心理活动的形容词,意思是:“孤独的,寂寞的”,作定语或表语;
alone的意思是:“独自的,单独的”,指无人陪伴,仅作表语,(作为副词的alone可作状语)。如:
He lives alone but he doesn’t feel lonely.
他一人独住,但是并不感到孤独
He is a lonely person. You can not easily get on well
with him.
他是个孤独的人,你要和他相处好实在不易
⑾ other与else的区别:
两个词都可以作形容词,但是用法不同,other放在名词前;
else修饰不定代词、疑问词、little、much,后置,另外,or else表示“否则”,是连词。如:
The other students are on the playground.
(其他学生在操场上)
Who else can work out this maths problem?
(还有谁能解出着道数学题?)
This is nobody else’s money. It’s mine.
(这不是别的什么人的钱,是我的。)
Do you have anything else to say for yourself?
你还有什么要为自己说的吗?
⑿ special与especial的区别:表示事件不同寻常、过分或特殊时,两个词可互换,但special较为常用。另外,special还可以表示特别的目的。如:
She pays (e)special attention to clothes.
(她非常注重着装)
These are special chairs for small children.
(这些是专门给小孩子的椅子)
⒀ gone、lost、missing的区别:
gone表示“丢了,没了”,含一去不复返的意思,也可以表示“死了”,作表语或宾补,不可以作定语;lost表示“丢失”,含难以找回的意思,可作定语、表语或宾补;
missing表示“失踪了,不见了”,强调某人物不在原处,可作定语、表语或宾补。如:
My fever(高烧) is gone, but I still have a cough.
(发烧消退了,但我仍然咳嗽)
The parents found the lost child at last.
(家长终于找到了迷路的孩子)
My dictionary is mi’s taken it away?
(我的字典不见了,谁拿走了?)
For more detailed information(详情) of the missing girls,please visit our website(网址).(如果想知道失踪女孩们的详情,请访问我们的网站)
⒁ living、alive、live、lively的区别:
四个词都来源于动词live“生活、居住”。
living读[‘liviᶇ]有三个意思:
①“活着的、现存的”,作表语或定语,
②“一模一样的、逼真的”,
③相当于lively,意思是“强烈的、活泼的”;
live读[laiv],指东西“活的”,可以替换为living;
alive读[[‘laiv]作表语,指人“活着的”,如果作定语,则放在名词的后面;
lively读[‘laivli]有三个意思:
①有生气的、活泼的、快活的,
②(色彩)鲜艳的,
③生动的、真实的。
例如:A living language should be learned orally
(口头上).(活的语言应该从口头上学)(被动句)
We have a living hope that you will succeed.
(我们强烈地希望你能成功)
Is she still alive?
(她还活着吗?)
They are the happiest children alive.
(他们是活着的最开心的孩子)
This is a live fish.
(这是条活鱼)
A live wire(电线) is dangerous.
(有电的电线是危险的)
She is as lively as a kitten(小猫).
(她像小猫一样可爱)
He gave a lively description of the football match.
(他生动地描述了那场足球赛)
⒂sick与ill区别:
sick和ill都表示“生病的”,但是,sick可以做定语、表语,而ill只能做表语。如:
He has been ill/sick for along time and he is very weak now.
(他病了很久,现在非常虚弱)
Vets help treat sick pets and most of the pets’ owners like them.
(兽医帮助诊治患病的宠物,很受宠物主人们的喜爱)
⒃ the poor(穷人们) / the rich(富人们)等用法:
“the+形容词”这一结构可以表示一类人物,复数含义。如:
We must try our best to help the poor.
(我们应该尽力帮助穷人们)
The rich never know how the poor are living.
(有钱人哪知穷人怎么过日子)