如何编纂英语寒暑假作业

熊老师曾听到不少英语老师反映这样的烦恼：如果不布置寒暑假作业，经过了长长的假期之后，学生们不仅把英语单词忘掉了不少，语感也退化了很多。可是，想要给学生布置一些寒暑假作业，却很难找到合适的寒暑假作业。让学生选购已有的寒暑假作业，不仅常常遇到作业量不合适或者难度不合适的问题，还可能因为寒暑假作业太过枯燥而被学生弃用，没有达到应有的效果。

针对以上情况，建议老师们可以考虑亲自为学生们量身打造寒暑假作业。那么，如何编写英语的寒暑假作业呢？以下是熊老师对寒暑假作业编写的一些粗浅的探索和尝试：

一、 好的英语寒暑假作业的评价标准

对于英语寒暑假作业的评价并没有既定的标准，可以说是仁者见仁智者见智。而熊老师认为，好的英语寒暑假作业至少符合有以下几个标准：知识性、趣味性和难易适中。其中，知识性是根本，趣味性和难易适中是必要条件。编写得好的寒暑假作业应该是难易适中，知识性和趣味性高度结合的产物。这样的寒暑假作业会让学生乐于完成并学有所得。

知识性是寒暑假作业编写的根本条件。我们之所以编写寒暑假作业，就是希望学生在完成作业时达到巩固知识、学有所得的目的。好的寒暑假作业应该有较强的知识性，让学生在完成了寒暑假作业之后不仅巩固了上一个学期所学的知识，还对下一个学期的新知识有了一定程度的启发和了解。如果学生学生完成了作业而收效甚微甚至一无所得，那这份作业不仅白白浪费编写老师的时间和精力，还浪费了学生写寒暑假作业的时间和精力。没有知识性的寒暑假作业，没有存在的必要。

趣味性是英语寒暑假作业的必要条件，为什么是必要条件呢？首先，因为寒暑假作业是需要在假期里完成的作业，假期里学生的心态处于相对放松甚至有些慵懒的状态，所以，太过枯燥的寒暑假作业让学生们望而生厌，即使被迫完成，也是潦草应付。相反，充满趣味性的寒暑假作业则不仅让学生兴趣盎然地积极完成。其次，寒暑假作业是在没有老师在场督促的情况下学生独自完成的作业，如果寒暑假作业没有趣味性，不能吸引学生去完成，它便失去了作业的意义，也就不能达到应有的效果了。

此外，老师们在编写英语寒暑假作业时，还要注意把握好寒暑假作业的难易度，要根据本校本年级学生的学习水平选择难易适中的题目。考虑到暑假学生的状态比较放松，寒暑假作业最好少出难题，以中等的题目为主比较好。在编排作业题目顺序的时候最好按照由易到难的顺序来排序。让学生逐渐过渡，不要一开始就排最难的题目，以免让学生望而生畏、望而生厌。

二、英语寒暑假作业的题量和题型设计

在编写英语寒暑假作业的时候，要根据学生的英语水平设置适宜的题量。作业量太多，学生难以完成，不仅造成人力物力的浪费还会给学生巨大压力，造成学生的对英语学习的厌烦心理；若作业量太少，则没有达到训练的目的。所以，在编写寒暑假作业的时候要根据放假的天数来决定寒暑假作业的量。熊老师认为，平均每天半个小时到一个小时的题量是比较合适的。尤其是寒假作业，题量要相对减少，留给学生适当放松过年和探亲的时间。

熊老师在编写寒假作业的时候，往往只编十五个单元，大约二十个小时的量，（因为有看电影等的任务，一场电影大约两个小时）。在编寒暑假作业的时候，可以按照半个小时到一个小时的题量设置成一个一个的小单元（unit），要求学生每天完成一个单元。也可以按照以周为单位编写，以一周的题量作为一个大单元，一个大单元包除了听力题之外的所有传统题型加上各种趣味新题型，整个单元大约四个小时到八个小时的练习量。

在题型设计方面，为了增加寒暑假作业的趣味性，在编写英语寒暑假作业的时候，可以设计更加丰富多样的题型。除了听力题、阅读题、完形填空题、语法填空题、改错题、作文题等高考所考的传统题型之外，还可以创造更加有趣的题型。比如，看英语电影、学唱英文歌、看英语书籍、写英文日记、摘抄名人名言、谜语题，绕口令题、朗读题、背诵题等等。这些题型不仅增加寒暑假作业的趣味性，让学生通过轻松有趣的方式学习或复习英语，还可以让学生接触更加地道的英语，并且扩张学生的课外知识面。

那些趣味性的题型中，最受学生追捧的题型是看英语电影和学唱英文歌曲，其次是谜语、绕口令题和朗读题。熊老师曾在学生中做过小范围的调查，了解到不少学生在放寒暑假时比较喜欢的活动是看电视、看电影和听歌等。于是，熊老师把学生们感兴趣的活动和寒暑假作业结合起来，设计了看英语电影和学唱英语歌曲等题型。

英文电影和英文歌曲都是英语学习很好的素材，电影中的台词是原汁原味的英语，英语台词虽然不是很规范，但是也可以让学生体会到英语使用的不同语境，加上学生对电影和歌曲的喜爱，学习起来就充满了浓厚的兴趣，印象更加深刻。

在布置看英语电影时，为了防止学生观看暴力、色情的电影，熊老师给学生布置看英语电影题时，往往给出范围，比如结合学过的课文布置学生看《百万英镑》、《窈窕淑女》、《威尼斯商人》等，或者布置学生看内容健康的《超能陆战队》、《后天》、《2012》、《邻家特工》等电影。

在编写寒暑假作业的时候，可以把有趣味性的题目和传统的题目穿插编在一起，或者创造性地把一种或者几种传统和有趣题型结合在一起，增强寒暑假作业的趣味性和多样性。例如，把英语幽默故事或者英语笑话和阅读理解相结合。即，在设计传统的阅读理解题时，选择内容幽默风趣的故事或者选择英语笑话当做阅读内容，增加了题目的趣味性，让学生在轻松阅读的过程中学有所得。

又例如：把看电影和写作相结合。让学生在观看英美电影时体会原汁原味的英语使用意境，之后，让他们写观后感，写出他们对电影的理解和感受。或者让他们把看电影和学习体会地道的英语句子相结合，在看电影的时候，把自己喜欢的英语台词摘抄下来，体会那些句子在电影中的使用。或者针对电影内容、人物或者台词发表自己的见解。

有一位学生在一篇电影观后感中写道，他看到电影字幕上出现"Oh, my!"这样的台词，而字幕上的翻译是"哦，我的"。学生就提出了，他认为那样的翻译不对，至少是翻译得不好。他提出，那句"Oh, my!"相当于"Oh, my God!"，按照电影中的情节，应该翻译成"哦，天啊！"或者"哦，我的天啊！"熊老师对于他的见解很是赞同，同时也为学生们完成寒暑假作业时在完成作业，巩固知识的同时对英语的学习有更深刻的理解而倍感欣慰。

三、英语寒暑假作业的布置、完成和提交方式

传统的寒暑假作业的布置和提交方式往往是：把寒暑假作业印刷在纸张上，放假之前发下去，让学生在假期中完成作业，假期结束之后，把寒暑假作业收上来。

这样的方式对老师来说相对轻松简便，只要编好试题印刷出来，分发给学生就可以了。但是，这样的传统方式有一些弊端，比如：不少学生往往是在假期结束之前才匆匆忙忙赶作业，甚至还有学生为了应付而抄答案。

熊老师在此介绍一种在网络上布置寒暑假的方式。有条件的老师，可以用如今比较流行的网络培训模式，通过网络平台：网络论坛、QQ组群、微信组群等，定点签到，布置适量的作业，限时提交作业答案。

比如说，在班级的QQ群里定时签到，签到的考勤也算是寒暑假作业分数的一部分。签到之后开始布置作业，设置一定的答题时间，时间到之后让学生提交作业答案，然后，老师公布参考答案，让学生交换批改并打分，统计分数，签退。此外，如果学校有门户网站的话，在网上布置寒暑假作业会更加方便：老师可以在学校的门户网站开设寒暑假作业专栏，定期发布寒暑假作业，让学生定期提交寒暑假作业的答案。

这样利用网络布置寒暑假作业有利有弊。

有利的方面是：

1. 利用网络的平台可以设置更加丰富多样的寒暑假作业题型，比如学唱英文歌曲或者背诵课文等，可以让学生直接在网络上提交语音文件，这是传统的方式无法完成的。

2. 利用网络的平台布置寒暑假作业本身就是比较新颖的方式，而学生对于使用电脑和手机比较感兴趣。这样用电脑或手机完成寒暑假作业的新颖时尚的方式会增强学生完成作业的兴趣。让学生乐意写寒暑假作业，积极写寒暑假作业，甚至还可以提高学生学习英语的兴趣。

3. 利用网络的平台布置寒暑假作业，可以帮助学生树立正确的网络、电脑、手机的使用观念。不少学生都以为网络、电脑、手机仅仅是游戏娱乐的工具，利用网络的平台布置寒暑假作业，不仅满足了他们对电脑手机的好奇心，也让他们明白，网络、电脑、手机还有更重要的功能：工作和学习。

4. 利用网络布置寒暑假作业可以节约纸张，节约作业成本。

然而，正如那句英文谚语说道的那样"Every coin has its two sides. (任何事情都有利弊两面)"，利用网络的平台布置寒暑假作业也有一些弊端。就熊老师所知，利用网络的平台布置寒暑假作业有如下两个方面：

1. 难以监管。让学生使用电脑或者使用手机来完成作业，需要学生有比较强的自制力，否则可能会有部分学生利用电脑、手机进行娱乐、游戏，从而荒废了作业。

2. 需要老师在假期里抽时间来监管学生，需要老师花费大量的时间和精力。牺牲了老师的寒暑假休息时间。不过，这一点可以培训课代表和其他班干组织来克服。老师可以在放假之前培训好几个班里的骨干，让班里的骨干代为管理，这样老师只要在方便的实话露个脸抽查一下就可以了。

教师为自己的学生量身打造一份充满趣味性的寒暑假作业。不仅可以让学生在假期里也可以轻松学习英语，巩固复习，学习新知识，还可以激发学生学习英语的兴趣。

HAPPY WINTER HOLIDAYS & HAPPY SPRING FESTIVAL!

Assignment for Senior Two Students

Week 1

I English Film watching（看英语电影）

please watch two English films during the winter holiday and write down the title of the films.，suggesting films: “The Day After Tomorrow”、“2012” （看两部或以上英文电影，写出电影的名字，建议看《后天》和《2012》）

Film 1: ________________________

Film 2: ________________________

Extract Film lines （电影台词摘抄）

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

II English riddle(英语谜语)

1. What will you break once you say it?

2. What always goes up and never goes down?

3. What do tigers have that no other animals have?

III Cloze（完形填空）

It is commonly believed that school is where people go to get education. 1 , it has been said that today children 2 their education to go to school. The 3 between schooling and education suggested by this is important.

Education is 4 , compared with schooling. Education knows no 5 It can take place 6 whether in the shower or on the job, whether in a kitchen or on a tractor. It includes both the 7 learning that takes place in schools and the whole universe of learning out of class. 8 the experience of schooling can be known in advance, education quite often produces 9 . A chance talk with a 10 may lead to a person to discover how 11 he knows of another country. People obtain education from 12 on. Education, 13 , is a very 14 and unlimited term. It is lifelong experience that starts long 15 the start of school, and one that should be a necessary part of one’s entire life.

Schooling, on the other hand, is a 16 experience, whose style changes 17 from one way to the next. Throughout a country, children arrive at school at the same time, take 18 seats, use similar textbooks, do homework, and 19 , and so on. Schooling has usually been 20 by the edges of the subjects being taught.

1. A. Then B. However C. Thus D. Therefore

2. A. understand B. need C. enjoy D. interrupt

3. A. difference B. importance C. use D. problem

4. A. unexpected B. endless C. countless D. simple

5. A. answers B. ways C. edges D. meanings

6. A. anywhere B. anywhere else C. somewhere D. somewhere else

7. A. part – time B. public C. standard D. strict

8. A. If B. Because C. So D. Though

9. A. pride B. surprises C. knowledge D. progress

10. A. neighbor B. friend C. foreigner D. teacher

11. A. wonderfully B. well C. greatly D. little

12. A. babies B. grown – ups C. women D. men

13. A. still B. next C. then D. yet

14. A. long B. broad C. narrow D. short

15. A. that B. when C. after D. before

16. A. basic B. strict C. final D. irregular

17. A. unusually B. differently C. little D. frequently

18. A. large B. new C. fixed D. small

19. A. take exams B. hold exams C. mark papers D. read papers

20. A. changed B. limited C. chosen D. controlled

IV Proverbs(谚语):

Read the following proverbs and translate them into Chinese. (读谚语，把它们翻译成汉语)

1. An hour in the morning is worth two in the evening.

2. A years’ plan starts with spring.

3. A good medicine tastes bitter.

V Reading Comprehension（阅读理解）

A

Dear Highlights,

My sister is always in a bad mood, which gets me in a bad mood. What should I do?

Tessa, Virginia

It can be hard to be around someone who is in a bad mood. Since you can’t change another person’s mood, try to focus on what you can control: your own mood and reaction.

You might find it easier to stay in a good mood if you leave your sister alone when she feels grumpy (脾气暴躁的). The next time she is in a bad mood, go to a quiet place in your house. Read, exercise, draw, listen to music — do something that makes you feel happy.

Your parents might have some good suggestions for you, too.

Dear Highlights,

I play soccer, but sometimes I play badly. How can I do better?

Jarom, Utah

To be good at anything, determination and practice are important. Listen closely to your coach, watch other players, then practice, practice, practice! Professional athletes continue to practice their sports each day, knowing that if they start to get lazy, they won’t keep or develop their skills.

In addition to practicing with teammates, you can work on drills on your own.

Learning more about the sport may help too. Your coach can likely direct you to some good resources on skills development.

Dear Highlights,

I was moved up a grade a few years ago. Now, almost everyone in my previous grade asks me why. It wouldn’t be a problem, except some boys ask over and over just to be annoying. What do I do?

Allison (by e-mail)

If you’re sure that they are trying to be annoying, you might respond with something humorous. For example, you could say something like “They told me that the lunch lines would be shorter.” Use the situation to turn annoying questions into something to laugh about.

1. What should Tessa do when her sister gets bad-tempered?

A. Accompany her. B. Change her mood.

C. Try some happy things. D. Leave her in a quiet place.

2. When talking about Jarom’s problem, Highlights especially stresses the importance of ______.

A. determination B. practice C. team spirit D. the coach’s help

3. What’s Allison’s problem?

A. She cannot get along well with her classmates.

B. Some boys in her class annoy her on purpose.

C. She is fed up with being asked the same question.

D. Her friends cannot accept that she moved up a grade.

4. What can we learn from the answer to Allison’s question?

A. Laughter is the best medicine.

B. He who laughs last laughs longest.

C. A sense of humor makes you easy-going.

D. Humor can ease the tension in many situations.

B

The secret of happiness could be as simple as remembering the good times and forgetting the regrets. People who look at the past through rose-colored glasses are happier than those who focus on negative past experiences and regrets, according to a new study published in the journal Personality and Individual Differences.

The study helps explain why personality has such a strong influence on a person’s happiness and the findings suggest that people with certain personality traits (特征) are happier than others because of the way they think about their past, present and future.

“We found that highly extraverted(外向型的) people are happier with their lives because they tend to hold a positive view of the past and are less likely to have negative thoughts and regrets. On the contrary, neurotic (神经质的) people are likely to have the exact opposite view of the past and are less happy as a result,” said Ryan Howell, assistant professor of psychology at San Francisco State University.

“This is good news because although it may be difficult to change your personality, you may be able to change your view of time and improve your happiness,” Howell said.

The authors suggest that enjoying happy memories or reframing (重新构筑) painful past experiences in a positive light could be effective ways for individuals to increase their life satisfaction.

“Personality traits influence how people look at the past, present and future and it is these different perspectives on time that drive a person’s happiness,” Howell said.

5. The underlined sentence in Paragraph 1 means ______.

A. view the past in a very positive way B. look back with very beautiful glasses

C. have experienced a wonderful past D. love glasses with a rose color

6. According to Howell, if you want to improve your happiness, you can ______.

A. change your personality B. deny your painful past experiences

C. improve your life standard D. change your perspective on time

7. The text is probably taken from a ______.

A. research paper B. lifestyle magazine C. medical textbook D. fashion journal

C

David Beckham thinks he would be more useful as a player than a coach at the 2012 London Olympic Games when Britain fields (使参加比赛) its first Olympic football team since 1960.

The former England captain will be 37 when the Olympics come to London, but he says that fitness will not be an issue.

“There are several months to go and there are a lot of decisions to be made but I would love to be part of it,” Beckham told the BBC on Monday. “I’m sure I’d be better as a player than a coach so I’ll have to wait and see. I still feel as if I’m 21 when I’m playing. I still love the game like I did when I was 21. I still feel as fit.

“Everyone knows I have looked after myself eating-wise, fitness-wise. So I’m not in bad shape and I’ll continue to work hard and hopefully I can be part of it.”

Stuart Pearce, the manager of England under-21, the feeder team for the England national football team, is going to take charge of the team, with The Football Association administering the team and set to provide all the players.

The Scottish, Welsh and Northern Irish associations won’t be part of the team because of fears it would affect their independence and voting rights within FIFA.

Beckham was at the World Cup last year as a member of England coach Fabio Capello’s support staff (辅助人员) after being ruled out because of a serious injury.

While Beckham made the last of his 115 appearances for England in October 2009, he is still playing for the Los Angeles Galaxy.

But Beckham might not be with the Galaxy by the time the Olympics start in July 2012, with his five-year Major League Soccer contract coming to an end at the end of this year.

8. The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 4 probably refers to ______.

A. coaching staff at the World Cup B. England under-21

C. Britain’s Olympic football team D. the England national football team

9. Which of the following about Beckham and Fabio Capello is TRUE?

A. Fabio Capello was once Beckham’s coach.

B. Beckham was ruled out by Fabio Capello.

C. Beckham was part of Capello’s support staff.

D. Fabio Capello stopped playing because of Beckham.

10. We can learn from the text that _____.

A. Beckham hasn’t played for England for 2 years

B. Beckham will attend the 2012 London Games

C. 37-year old Beckham looks as young as 21

D. Beckham plays football every day to keep fit

11. What would be the best title for the text?

A. Beckham, a better player than coach

B. Beckham, a shining star at London Games

C. Beckham shows his unwillingness to be a coach

D. Beckham wants to be player at London Games

D

Beijing has started a battle to get rid of “Chinglish” (Chinese English). The “Language mandarins” of Beijing have decided that Chinglish is a disease for China’s modernizing claim and must be obliterated before the city hosts the Olympic Games in 2008.

A road sign on the Avenue of Eternal Peace （Chang’an Street）, for example, advised: “To Take Notice of Safe; The Slippery are Very Crafty,”a warning that the sidewalk was slippery. Another sign in a Beijing park reads: “Little grass is smiling slightly, please walk on sidewalk “.

Li Honghai, the city official in charge of the battle , said : “Linguistic perfection (语言美)is becoming increasingly important with the rise in the number of the foreigners flowing into the city .”

However, not everyone shares the disdain（蔑视）of the Beijing government for the mixed language. “The choice of words is pretty much. One can either choose the verbs, adverbs, nouns or whatever one likes,” explained one Hong Kong linguist on an Internet website.

So many examples exist that several Internet sites have been set up to collect Chinglish phrases. Many come from English instructions on packages such as a candle marked with “Keep this candle out of children” and a model boat—curiously named Posh Sailboat—which means “Please don’t place it in dusty play .”

If the battle against Chinglish is successful, Chinese will also turn their attention to the English—language versions of newspapers, which play an even more important role in teaching right English.

12. The underlined word “obliterated” refers to .

A. removed B. exploited C. translated D. beautified

13. From the passage, we know that .

A. everyone shares the disdain for the mixed language

B. all the people don’t share the disdain for the mixed language

C. Chinglish usually communicates in many cases

D. several Internet sites have been set up to clear the Chinglish phrases

14. We can infer that the English—language versions of newspapers .

A. should be in duty to teach normal English B. should report the battle above

C. should be paid more attention to D. should collect more Chinglish phrases

15. Which of the following signs is Chinglish?

Watch your step.

Slippery sidewalk.

Keep off the grass, please.

No smoking , please !

Tourists do not enter.

第二节 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Are you simply moving through your day without fully living? I think many of us have done this. Everyone wants to fully live every day. 1 So I’ve decided to share with you some ways to help you enjoy every moment.

Sit in the morning. When you wake up, in the quiet of the morning, sit on the floor. I often use this opportunity to stretch (伸展). 2 I also just sit, and focus on my breathing going in and out.

3 I like to take breaks from work, and go outside for a slow walk. Pay attention to your breathing, to everything around you, to the sounds and light of objects.

Read in silence. Find a quiet time, and a quiet place, and read a good novel. Have no television or computers on nearby. And just put yourself in the world of the novel. It might seem difficult to let your mind move from the present into the time of the novel, but it’s a great practice in focus. 4

5 Each day, find someone you care about and be grateful for his existence. If you want, you can tell that person how thankful you are to him.

A. Walk slowly.

B. Work with focus.

C. Look at someone in a grateful way.

D. But this is easier said than done.

E. I feel every muscle in my body.

F. It’s a way of building something good into your life.

G. Also, I love a good novel more than almost anything else.

* Tongue twisters (绕口令) * Read the following tongue twisters aloud.

1. She sells seashells on the seashore. The seashells she sells are seashore seashell.

2. I know you know I know, but you don’t know I know you know I know.

VI. Gap-filling（语法填空）

Today, after finishing dinner in town, my husband and I were driving back home. As we pulled over, we saw a couple 1 （paint）their furniture.

I went inside our home, 2 (change), and then went back out again to ask our neighbors if they needed any help. While leaving my home, I was plagued(困扰) by thoughts of 3 (embarrass) , denial, or 4 (receive) but looked down on skeptically. However, I gathered the courage to go down and ask 5 anyway.

Initially, the woman 6 (deny). Then the man said, “Sure”, and he handed me a spray paint bottle. We got into some good conversation 7 painting with great effort. When we finished, I briefly chatted with them before leaving.

In the end, not only did I enjoy helping them, but also learned about my neighbors, 8 the way home, I must admit I couldn’t help but wonder 9 they might be thinking about me. It is tough to do a good deed for others and not expect that they will be thinking good about you.

Today’s experience taught me some 10 (value) lessons in my life! Hopefully, these lessons will help me continue my acts of kindness in future.

* Little jokes *

(I)

A: Nice to meet you.

B: Nice to meet you, too.

C: Nice to meet you, three.

(II)

Mr. Johnson: Are you using you mower this afternoon?

Mr. Smith: Yes.

Mr. Johnson: Fine. Then can I borrow your tennis racket, since you won’t be needing it?

VII 改错题

Yesterday I went to the park. I happened to see a touched event. At that time, some people were boating in the lake. A happy family was taking photos when suddenly the girl falls off the boat into the water. The girl could swim and was struggling, so her parents cried out, “Help! Help!” It was obviously that they could not swim, either. Hearing the cry, the young man immediately rushed to the lake. Without taking away his clothes, he jumped into the water and swam towards the girl, that was already tired out. At last he had carried her to the bank. She were saved!

* English poems*

Thank you for comforting me when I’m sad

Loving me when I’m mad

Picking me up when I’m down

Thank you for being my friend and being around

Teaching me the meaning of love

Encouraging me when I deed a shove

But most of all thank you for

Loving me for who I am

VIII Writing

Please write one (or more than one) English poem.

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